2020-01-27 09:37:42 -05:00
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---
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layout: global
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title: SORT BY Clause
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displayTitle: SORT BY Clause
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license: |
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Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
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contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
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this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
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The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
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(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
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the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
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2020-03-11 19:52:40 -04:00
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2020-01-27 09:37:42 -05:00
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http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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2020-03-11 19:52:40 -04:00
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2020-01-27 09:37:42 -05:00
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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limitations under the License.
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---
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[SPARK-31383][SQL][DOC] Clean up the SQL documents in docs/sql-ref*
### What changes were proposed in this pull request?
This PR intends to clean up the SQL documents in `doc/sql-ref*`.
Main changes are as follows;
- Fixes wrong syntaxes and capitalize sub-titles
- Adds some DDL queries in `Examples` so that users can run examples there
- Makes query output in `Examples` follows the `Dataset.showString` (right-aligned) format
- Adds/Removes spaces, Indents, or blank lines to follow the format below;
```
---
license...
---
### Description
Writes what's the syntax is.
### Syntax
{% highlight sql %}
SELECT...
WHERE... // 4 indents after the second line
...
{% endhighlight %}
### Parameters
<dl>
<dt><code><em>Param Name</em></code></dt>
<dd>
Param Description
</dd>
...
</dl>
### Examples
{% highlight sql %}
-- It is better that users are able to execute example queries here.
-- So, we prepare test data in the first section if possible.
CREATE TABLE t (key STRING, value DOUBLE);
INSERT INTO t VALUES
('a', 1.0), ('a', 2.0), ('b', 3.0), ('c', 4.0);
-- query output has 2 indents and it follows the `Dataset.showString`
-- format (right-aligned).
SELECT * FROM t;
+---+-----+
|key|value|
+---+-----+
| a| 1.0|
| a| 2.0|
| b| 3.0|
| c| 4.0|
+---+-----+
-- Query statements after the second line have 4 indents.
SELECT key, SUM(value)
FROM t
GROUP BY key;
+---+----------+
|key|sum(value)|
+---+----------+
| c| 4.0|
| b| 3.0|
| a| 3.0|
+---+----------+
...
{% endhighlight %}
### Related Statements
* [XXX](xxx.html)
* ...
```
### Why are the changes needed?
The most changes of this PR are pretty minor, but I think the consistent formats/rules to write documents are important for long-term maintenance in our community
### Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?
Yes.
### How was this patch tested?
Manually checked.
Closes #28151 from maropu/MakeRightAligned.
Authored-by: Takeshi Yamamuro <yamamuro@apache.org>
Signed-off-by: Sean Owen <srowen@gmail.com>
2020-04-13 00:40:36 -04:00
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### Description
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2020-05-10 13:57:25 -04:00
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The `SORT BY` clause is used to return the result rows sorted
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2020-01-27 09:37:42 -05:00
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within each partition in the user specified order. When there is more than one partition
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`SORT BY` may return result that is partially ordered. This is different
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than [ORDER BY](sql-ref-syntax-qry-select-orderby.html) clause which guarantees a
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total order of the output.
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2020-01-27 09:37:42 -05:00
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### Syntax
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[SPARK-31383][SQL][DOC] Clean up the SQL documents in docs/sql-ref*
### What changes were proposed in this pull request?
This PR intends to clean up the SQL documents in `doc/sql-ref*`.
Main changes are as follows;
- Fixes wrong syntaxes and capitalize sub-titles
- Adds some DDL queries in `Examples` so that users can run examples there
- Makes query output in `Examples` follows the `Dataset.showString` (right-aligned) format
- Adds/Removes spaces, Indents, or blank lines to follow the format below;
```
---
license...
---
### Description
Writes what's the syntax is.
### Syntax
{% highlight sql %}
SELECT...
WHERE... // 4 indents after the second line
...
{% endhighlight %}
### Parameters
<dl>
<dt><code><em>Param Name</em></code></dt>
<dd>
Param Description
</dd>
...
</dl>
### Examples
{% highlight sql %}
-- It is better that users are able to execute example queries here.
-- So, we prepare test data in the first section if possible.
CREATE TABLE t (key STRING, value DOUBLE);
INSERT INTO t VALUES
('a', 1.0), ('a', 2.0), ('b', 3.0), ('c', 4.0);
-- query output has 2 indents and it follows the `Dataset.showString`
-- format (right-aligned).
SELECT * FROM t;
+---+-----+
|key|value|
+---+-----+
| a| 1.0|
| a| 2.0|
| b| 3.0|
| c| 4.0|
+---+-----+
-- Query statements after the second line have 4 indents.
SELECT key, SUM(value)
FROM t
GROUP BY key;
+---+----------+
|key|sum(value)|
+---+----------+
| c| 4.0|
| b| 3.0|
| a| 3.0|
+---+----------+
...
{% endhighlight %}
### Related Statements
* [XXX](xxx.html)
* ...
```
### Why are the changes needed?
The most changes of this PR are pretty minor, but I think the consistent formats/rules to write documents are important for long-term maintenance in our community
### Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?
Yes.
### How was this patch tested?
Manually checked.
Closes #28151 from maropu/MakeRightAligned.
Authored-by: Takeshi Yamamuro <yamamuro@apache.org>
Signed-off-by: Sean Owen <srowen@gmail.com>
2020-04-13 00:40:36 -04:00
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2020-05-10 13:57:25 -04:00
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```sql
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SORT BY { expression [ sort_direction | nulls_sort_order ] [ , ... ] }
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2020-05-10 13:57:25 -04:00
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```
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2020-01-27 09:37:42 -05:00
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### Parameters
|
[SPARK-31383][SQL][DOC] Clean up the SQL documents in docs/sql-ref*
### What changes were proposed in this pull request?
This PR intends to clean up the SQL documents in `doc/sql-ref*`.
Main changes are as follows;
- Fixes wrong syntaxes and capitalize sub-titles
- Adds some DDL queries in `Examples` so that users can run examples there
- Makes query output in `Examples` follows the `Dataset.showString` (right-aligned) format
- Adds/Removes spaces, Indents, or blank lines to follow the format below;
```
---
license...
---
### Description
Writes what's the syntax is.
### Syntax
{% highlight sql %}
SELECT...
WHERE... // 4 indents after the second line
...
{% endhighlight %}
### Parameters
<dl>
<dt><code><em>Param Name</em></code></dt>
<dd>
Param Description
</dd>
...
</dl>
### Examples
{% highlight sql %}
-- It is better that users are able to execute example queries here.
-- So, we prepare test data in the first section if possible.
CREATE TABLE t (key STRING, value DOUBLE);
INSERT INTO t VALUES
('a', 1.0), ('a', 2.0), ('b', 3.0), ('c', 4.0);
-- query output has 2 indents and it follows the `Dataset.showString`
-- format (right-aligned).
SELECT * FROM t;
+---+-----+
|key|value|
+---+-----+
| a| 1.0|
| a| 2.0|
| b| 3.0|
| c| 4.0|
+---+-----+
-- Query statements after the second line have 4 indents.
SELECT key, SUM(value)
FROM t
GROUP BY key;
+---+----------+
|key|sum(value)|
+---+----------+
| c| 4.0|
| b| 3.0|
| a| 3.0|
+---+----------+
...
{% endhighlight %}
### Related Statements
* [XXX](xxx.html)
* ...
```
### Why are the changes needed?
The most changes of this PR are pretty minor, but I think the consistent formats/rules to write documents are important for long-term maintenance in our community
### Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?
Yes.
### How was this patch tested?
Manually checked.
Closes #28151 from maropu/MakeRightAligned.
Authored-by: Takeshi Yamamuro <yamamuro@apache.org>
Signed-off-by: Sean Owen <srowen@gmail.com>
2020-04-13 00:40:36 -04:00
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2020-05-10 13:57:25 -04:00
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* **SORT BY**
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Specifies a comma-separated list of expressions along with optional parameters `sort_direction`
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and `nulls_sort_order` which are used to sort the rows within each partition.
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* **sort_direction**
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Optionally specifies whether to sort the rows in ascending or descending
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order. The valid values for the sort direction are `ASC` for ascending
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and `DESC` for descending. If sort direction is not explicitly specified, then by default
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rows are sorted ascending.
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**Syntax:** `[ ASC | DESC ]`
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* **nulls_sort_order**
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Optionally specifies whether NULL values are returned before/after non-NULL values. If
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2020-05-10 13:57:25 -04:00
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`null_sort_order` is not specified, then NULLs sort first if sort order is
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`ASC` and NULLS sort last if sort order is `DESC`.
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1. If `NULLS FIRST` is specified, then NULL values are returned first
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regardless of the sort order.
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2. If `NULLS LAST` is specified, then NULL values are returned last regardless of
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the sort order.
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**Syntax:** `[ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ]`
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2020-01-27 09:37:42 -05:00
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### Examples
|
[SPARK-31383][SQL][DOC] Clean up the SQL documents in docs/sql-ref*
### What changes were proposed in this pull request?
This PR intends to clean up the SQL documents in `doc/sql-ref*`.
Main changes are as follows;
- Fixes wrong syntaxes and capitalize sub-titles
- Adds some DDL queries in `Examples` so that users can run examples there
- Makes query output in `Examples` follows the `Dataset.showString` (right-aligned) format
- Adds/Removes spaces, Indents, or blank lines to follow the format below;
```
---
license...
---
### Description
Writes what's the syntax is.
### Syntax
{% highlight sql %}
SELECT...
WHERE... // 4 indents after the second line
...
{% endhighlight %}
### Parameters
<dl>
<dt><code><em>Param Name</em></code></dt>
<dd>
Param Description
</dd>
...
</dl>
### Examples
{% highlight sql %}
-- It is better that users are able to execute example queries here.
-- So, we prepare test data in the first section if possible.
CREATE TABLE t (key STRING, value DOUBLE);
INSERT INTO t VALUES
('a', 1.0), ('a', 2.0), ('b', 3.0), ('c', 4.0);
-- query output has 2 indents and it follows the `Dataset.showString`
-- format (right-aligned).
SELECT * FROM t;
+---+-----+
|key|value|
+---+-----+
| a| 1.0|
| a| 2.0|
| b| 3.0|
| c| 4.0|
+---+-----+
-- Query statements after the second line have 4 indents.
SELECT key, SUM(value)
FROM t
GROUP BY key;
+---+----------+
|key|sum(value)|
+---+----------+
| c| 4.0|
| b| 3.0|
| a| 3.0|
+---+----------+
...
{% endhighlight %}
### Related Statements
* [XXX](xxx.html)
* ...
```
### Why are the changes needed?
The most changes of this PR are pretty minor, but I think the consistent formats/rules to write documents are important for long-term maintenance in our community
### Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?
Yes.
### How was this patch tested?
Manually checked.
Closes #28151 from maropu/MakeRightAligned.
Authored-by: Takeshi Yamamuro <yamamuro@apache.org>
Signed-off-by: Sean Owen <srowen@gmail.com>
2020-04-13 00:40:36 -04:00
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2020-05-10 13:57:25 -04:00
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE person (zip_code INT, name STRING, age INT);
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INSERT INTO person VALUES
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(94588, 'Zen Hui', 50),
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(94588, 'Dan Li', 18),
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(94588, 'Anil K', 27),
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(94588, 'John V', NULL),
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(94511, 'David K', 42),
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(94511, 'Aryan B.', 18),
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(94511, 'Lalit B.', NULL);
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2020-03-11 19:52:40 -04:00
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-- Use `REPARTITION` hint to partition the data by `zip_code` to
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-- examine the `SORT BY` behavior. This is used in rest of the
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-- examples.
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-- Sort rows by `name` within each partition in ascending manner
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SELECT /*+ REPARTITION(zip_code) */ name, age, zip_code FROM person SORT BY name;
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+--------+----+--------+
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| name| age|zip_code|
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+--------+----+--------+
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| Anil K| 27| 94588|
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| Dan Li| 18| 94588|
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| John V|null| 94588|
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| Zen Hui| 50| 94588|
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|Aryan B.| 18| 94511|
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| David K| 42| 94511|
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|Lalit B.|null| 94511|
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+--------+----+--------+
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-- Sort rows within each partition using column position.
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SELECT /*+ REPARTITION(zip_code) */ name, age, zip_code FROM person SORT BY 1;
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+--------+----+--------+
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| name| age|zip_code|
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+--------+----+--------+
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| Anil K| 27| 94588|
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| Dan Li| 18| 94588|
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| John V|null| 94588|
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| Zen Hui| 50| 94588|
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|Aryan B.| 18| 94511|
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| David K| 42| 94511|
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|Lalit B.|null| 94511|
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+--------+----+--------+
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-- Sort rows within partition in ascending manner keeping null values to be last.
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SELECT /*+ REPARTITION(zip_code) */ age, name, zip_code FROM person SORT BY age NULLS LAST;
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+----+--------+--------+
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| age| name|zip_code|
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+----+--------+--------+
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| 18| Dan Li| 94588|
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| 27| Anil K| 94588|
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| 50| Zen Hui| 94588|
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|null| John V| 94588|
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| 18|Aryan B.| 94511|
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| 42| David K| 94511|
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|null|Lalit B.| 94511|
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+----+--------+--------+
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-- Sort rows by age within each partition in descending manner, which defaults to NULL LAST.
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SELECT /*+ REPARTITION(zip_code) */ age, name, zip_code FROM person SORT BY age DESC;
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+----+--------+--------+
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| age| name|zip_code|
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+----+--------+--------+
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| 50| Zen Hui| 94588|
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| 27| Anil K| 94588|
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| 18| Dan Li| 94588|
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|null| John V| 94588|
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| 42| David K| 94511|
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| 18|Aryan B.| 94511|
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|null|Lalit B.| 94511|
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+----+--------+--------+
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2020-03-11 19:52:40 -04:00
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-- Sort rows by age within each partition in descending manner keeping null values to be first.
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2020-01-27 09:37:42 -05:00
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SELECT /*+ REPARTITION(zip_code) */ age, name, zip_code FROM person SORT BY age DESC NULLS FIRST;
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+----+--------+--------+
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| age| name|zip_code|
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+----+--------+--------+
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|null| John V| 94588|
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| 50| Zen Hui| 94588|
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| 27| Anil K| 94588|
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| 18| Dan Li| 94588|
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|null|Lalit B.| 94511|
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| 42| David K| 94511|
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| 18|Aryan B.| 94511|
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+----+--------+--------+
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2020-01-27 09:37:42 -05:00
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-- Sort rows within each partition based on more than one column with each column having
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-- different sort direction.
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SELECT /*+ REPARTITION(zip_code) */ name, age, zip_code FROM person
|
[SPARK-31383][SQL][DOC] Clean up the SQL documents in docs/sql-ref*
### What changes were proposed in this pull request?
This PR intends to clean up the SQL documents in `doc/sql-ref*`.
Main changes are as follows;
- Fixes wrong syntaxes and capitalize sub-titles
- Adds some DDL queries in `Examples` so that users can run examples there
- Makes query output in `Examples` follows the `Dataset.showString` (right-aligned) format
- Adds/Removes spaces, Indents, or blank lines to follow the format below;
```
---
license...
---
### Description
Writes what's the syntax is.
### Syntax
{% highlight sql %}
SELECT...
WHERE... // 4 indents after the second line
...
{% endhighlight %}
### Parameters
<dl>
<dt><code><em>Param Name</em></code></dt>
<dd>
Param Description
</dd>
...
</dl>
### Examples
{% highlight sql %}
-- It is better that users are able to execute example queries here.
-- So, we prepare test data in the first section if possible.
CREATE TABLE t (key STRING, value DOUBLE);
INSERT INTO t VALUES
('a', 1.0), ('a', 2.0), ('b', 3.0), ('c', 4.0);
-- query output has 2 indents and it follows the `Dataset.showString`
-- format (right-aligned).
SELECT * FROM t;
+---+-----+
|key|value|
+---+-----+
| a| 1.0|
| a| 2.0|
| b| 3.0|
| c| 4.0|
+---+-----+
-- Query statements after the second line have 4 indents.
SELECT key, SUM(value)
FROM t
GROUP BY key;
+---+----------+
|key|sum(value)|
+---+----------+
| c| 4.0|
| b| 3.0|
| a| 3.0|
+---+----------+
...
{% endhighlight %}
### Related Statements
* [XXX](xxx.html)
* ...
```
### Why are the changes needed?
The most changes of this PR are pretty minor, but I think the consistent formats/rules to write documents are important for long-term maintenance in our community
### Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?
Yes.
### How was this patch tested?
Manually checked.
Closes #28151 from maropu/MakeRightAligned.
Authored-by: Takeshi Yamamuro <yamamuro@apache.org>
Signed-off-by: Sean Owen <srowen@gmail.com>
2020-04-13 00:40:36 -04:00
|
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SORT BY name ASC, age DESC;
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2020-05-01 13:11:43 -04:00
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+--------+----+--------+
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| name| age|zip_code|
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+--------+----+--------+
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| Anil K| 27| 94588|
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| Dan Li| 18| 94588|
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| John V|null| 94588|
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| Zen Hui| 50| 94588|
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|Aryan B.| 18| 94511|
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| David K| 42| 94511|
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|Lalit B.|null| 94511|
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+--------+----+--------+
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2020-05-10 13:57:25 -04:00
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```
|
2020-01-29 09:41:40 -05:00
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[SPARK-31383][SQL][DOC] Clean up the SQL documents in docs/sql-ref*
### What changes were proposed in this pull request?
This PR intends to clean up the SQL documents in `doc/sql-ref*`.
Main changes are as follows;
- Fixes wrong syntaxes and capitalize sub-titles
- Adds some DDL queries in `Examples` so that users can run examples there
- Makes query output in `Examples` follows the `Dataset.showString` (right-aligned) format
- Adds/Removes spaces, Indents, or blank lines to follow the format below;
```
---
license...
---
### Description
Writes what's the syntax is.
### Syntax
{% highlight sql %}
SELECT...
WHERE... // 4 indents after the second line
...
{% endhighlight %}
### Parameters
<dl>
<dt><code><em>Param Name</em></code></dt>
<dd>
Param Description
</dd>
...
</dl>
### Examples
{% highlight sql %}
-- It is better that users are able to execute example queries here.
-- So, we prepare test data in the first section if possible.
CREATE TABLE t (key STRING, value DOUBLE);
INSERT INTO t VALUES
('a', 1.0), ('a', 2.0), ('b', 3.0), ('c', 4.0);
-- query output has 2 indents and it follows the `Dataset.showString`
-- format (right-aligned).
SELECT * FROM t;
+---+-----+
|key|value|
+---+-----+
| a| 1.0|
| a| 2.0|
| b| 3.0|
| c| 4.0|
+---+-----+
-- Query statements after the second line have 4 indents.
SELECT key, SUM(value)
FROM t
GROUP BY key;
+---+----------+
|key|sum(value)|
+---+----------+
| c| 4.0|
| b| 3.0|
| a| 3.0|
+---+----------+
...
{% endhighlight %}
### Related Statements
* [XXX](xxx.html)
* ...
```
### Why are the changes needed?
The most changes of this PR are pretty minor, but I think the consistent formats/rules to write documents are important for long-term maintenance in our community
### Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?
Yes.
### How was this patch tested?
Manually checked.
Closes #28151 from maropu/MakeRightAligned.
Authored-by: Takeshi Yamamuro <yamamuro@apache.org>
Signed-off-by: Sean Owen <srowen@gmail.com>
2020-04-13 00:40:36 -04:00
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### Related Statements
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2020-05-10 13:57:25 -04:00
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* [SELECT Main](sql-ref-syntax-qry-select.html)
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* [WHERE Clause](sql-ref-syntax-qry-select-where.html)
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* [GROUP BY Clause](sql-ref-syntax-qry-select-groupby.html)
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* [HAVING Clause](sql-ref-syntax-qry-select-having.html)
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* [ORDER BY Clause](sql-ref-syntax-qry-select-orderby.html)
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* [CLUSTER BY Clause](sql-ref-syntax-qry-select-clusterby.html)
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* [DISTRIBUTE BY Clause](sql-ref-syntax-qry-select-distribute-by.html)
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* [LIMIT Clause](sql-ref-syntax-qry-select-limit.html)
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2020-07-27 20:41:53 -04:00
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* [CASE Clause](sql-ref-syntax-qry-select-case.html)
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* [PIVOT Clause](sql-ref-syntax-qry-select-pivot.html)
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* [LATERAL VIEW Clause](sql-ref-syntax-qry-select-lateral-view.html)
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