[SPARK-35037][SQL] Recognize sign before the interval string in literals

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?
1. Extend SQL syntax rules to support a sign before the interval strings of ANSI year-month and day-time intervals.
2. Recognize `-` in `AstBuilder` and negate parsed intervals.

### Why are the changes needed?
To conform to the SQL standard which allows a sign before the string interval, see `"5.3 <literal>"`:
```
<interval literal> ::=
  INTERVAL [ <sign> ] <interval string> <interval qualifier>
<interval string> ::=
  <quote> <unquoted interval string> <quote>
<unquoted interval string> ::=
  [ <sign> ] { <year-month literal> | <day-time literal> }
<sign> ::=
    <plus sign>
  | <minus sign>
```

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?
Should not because it just extends supported intervals syntax.

### How was this patch tested?
By running new tests in `interval.sql`:
```
$ build/sbt "sql/testOnly *SQLQueryTestSuite -- -z interval.sql"
```

Closes #32134 from MaxGekk/negative-parsed-intervals.

Authored-by: Max Gekk <max.gekk@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Max Gekk <max.gekk@gmail.com>

sql/catalyst/src/main/antlr4/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/SqlBase.g4

@@ -883,8 +883,7 @@ unitToUnitInterval
     ;
 
 intervalValue
-    : (PLUS | MINUS)? (INTEGER_VALUE | DECIMAL_VALUE)
-    | STRING
+    : (PLUS | MINUS)? (INTEGER_VALUE | DECIMAL_VALUE | STRING)
     ;
 
 colPosition

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/AstBuilder.scala

@@ -2377,7 +2377,7 @@ class AstBuilder extends SqlBaseBaseVisitor[AnyRef] with SQLConfHelper with Logg
       try {
         val from = ctx.from.getText.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)
         val to = ctx.to.getText.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)
-        (from, to) match {
+        val interval = (from, to) match {
           case ("year", "month") =>
             IntervalUtils.fromYearMonthString(value)
           case ("day", "hour") =>
@@ -2395,6 +2395,9 @@ class AstBuilder extends SqlBaseBaseVisitor[AnyRef] with SQLConfHelper with Logg
           case _ =>
             throw QueryParsingErrors.fromToIntervalUnsupportedError(from, to, ctx)
         }
+        Option(ctx.intervalValue.MINUS)
+          .map(_ => IntervalUtils.negateExact(interval))
+          .getOrElse(interval)
       } catch {
         // Handle Exceptions thrown by CalendarInterval
         case e: IllegalArgumentException =>

sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/inputs/interval.sql

@@ -20,6 +20,12 @@ select -interval '-1 month 1 day -1 second';
 select -interval -1 month 1 day -1 second;
 select +interval '-1 month 1 day -1 second';
 select +interval -1 month 1 day -1 second;
+select interval -'1-1' year to month;
+select interval -'-1-1' year to month;
+select interval +'-1-1' year to month;
+select interval - '1 2:3:4.001' day to second;
+select interval +'1 2:3:4.001' day to second;
+select interval -'-1 2:3:4.001' day to second;
 
 -- make intervals
 select make_interval(1);

sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/results/ansi/interval.sql.out

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 -- Automatically generated by SQLQueryTestSuite
--- Number of queries: 110
+-- Number of queries: 116
 
 
 -- !query
@@ -127,6 +127,54 @@ struct<(+ INTERVAL '-1 months 1 days -1 seconds'):interval>
 -1 months 1 days -1 seconds
 
 
+-- !query
+select interval -'1-1' year to month
+-- !query schema
+struct<INTERVAL '-1 years -1 months':interval>
+-- !query output
+-1 years -1 months
+
+
+-- !query
+select interval -'-1-1' year to month
+-- !query schema
+struct<INTERVAL '1 years 1 months':interval>
+-- !query output
+1 years 1 months
+
+
+-- !query
+select interval +'-1-1' year to month
+-- !query schema
+struct<INTERVAL '-1 years -1 months':interval>
+-- !query output
+-1 years -1 months
+
+
+-- !query
+select interval - '1 2:3:4.001' day to second
+-- !query schema
+struct<INTERVAL '-1 days -2 hours -3 minutes -4.001 seconds':interval>
+-- !query output
+-1 days -2 hours -3 minutes -4.001 seconds
+
+
+-- !query
+select interval +'1 2:3:4.001' day to second
+-- !query schema
+struct<INTERVAL '1 days 2 hours 3 minutes 4.001 seconds':interval>
+-- !query output
+1 days 2 hours 3 minutes 4.001 seconds
+
+
+-- !query
+select interval -'-1 2:3:4.001' day to second
+-- !query schema
+struct<INTERVAL '1 days 2 hours 3 minutes 4.001 seconds':interval>
+-- !query output
+1 days 2 hours 3 minutes 4.001 seconds
+
+
 -- !query
 select make_interval(1)
 -- !query schema

sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/results/interval.sql.out

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 -- Automatically generated by SQLQueryTestSuite
--- Number of queries: 110
+-- Number of queries: 116
 
 
 -- !query
@@ -122,6 +122,54 @@ struct<(+ INTERVAL '-1 months 1 days -1 seconds'):interval>
 -1 months 1 days -1 seconds
 
 
+-- !query
+select interval -'1-1' year to month
+-- !query schema
+struct<INTERVAL '-1 years -1 months':interval>
+-- !query output
+-1 years -1 months
+
+
+-- !query
+select interval -'-1-1' year to month
+-- !query schema
+struct<INTERVAL '1 years 1 months':interval>
+-- !query output
+1 years 1 months
+
+
+-- !query
+select interval +'-1-1' year to month
+-- !query schema
+struct<INTERVAL '-1 years -1 months':interval>
+-- !query output
+-1 years -1 months
+
+
+-- !query
+select interval - '1 2:3:4.001' day to second
+-- !query schema
+struct<INTERVAL '-1 days -2 hours -3 minutes -4.001 seconds':interval>
+-- !query output
+-1 days -2 hours -3 minutes -4.001 seconds
+
+
+-- !query
+select interval +'1 2:3:4.001' day to second
+-- !query schema
+struct<INTERVAL '1 days 2 hours 3 minutes 4.001 seconds':interval>
+-- !query output
+1 days 2 hours 3 minutes 4.001 seconds
+
+
+-- !query
+select interval -'-1 2:3:4.001' day to second
+-- !query schema
+struct<INTERVAL '1 days 2 hours 3 minutes 4.001 seconds':interval>
+-- !query output
+1 days 2 hours 3 minutes 4.001 seconds
+
+
 -- !query
 select make_interval(1)
 -- !query schema