diff --git a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/ddl.scala b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/ddl.scala
index 605d98ee54..140f9d7dbe 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/ddl.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/ddl.scala
@@ -924,23 +924,23 @@ object DDLUtils {
   }
 
   private[sql] def checkDataColNames(table: CatalogTable): Unit = {
-    checkDataColNames(table, table.dataSchema.fieldNames)
+    checkDataColNames(table, table.dataSchema)
   }
 
-  private[sql] def checkDataColNames(table: CatalogTable, colNames: Seq[String]): Unit = {
+  private[sql] def checkDataColNames(table: CatalogTable, schema: StructType): Unit = {
     table.provider.foreach {
       _.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT) match {
         case HIVE_PROVIDER =>
           val serde = table.storage.serde
           if (serde == HiveSerDe.sourceToSerDe("orc").get.serde) {
-            OrcFileFormat.checkFieldNames(colNames)
+            OrcFileFormat.checkFieldNames(schema)
           } else if (serde == HiveSerDe.sourceToSerDe("parquet").get.serde ||
             serde == Some("parquet.hive.serde.ParquetHiveSerDe") ||
             serde == Some("org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.parquet.serde.ParquetHiveSerDe")) {
-            ParquetSchemaConverter.checkFieldNames(colNames)
+            ParquetSchemaConverter.checkFieldNames(schema)
           }
-        case "parquet" => ParquetSchemaConverter.checkFieldNames(colNames)
-        case "orc" => OrcFileFormat.checkFieldNames(colNames)
+        case "parquet" => ParquetSchemaConverter.checkFieldNames(schema)
+        case "orc" => OrcFileFormat.checkFieldNames(schema)
         case _ =>
       }
     }
diff --git a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/tables.scala b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/tables.scala
index 059962192c..f740915b6d 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/tables.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/tables.scala
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ case class AlterTableAddColumnsCommand(
       (colsToAdd ++ catalogTable.schema).map(_.name),
       "in the table definition of " + table.identifier,
       conf.caseSensitiveAnalysis)
-    DDLUtils.checkDataColNames(catalogTable, colsToAdd.map(_.name))
+    DDLUtils.checkDataColNames(catalogTable, StructType(colsToAdd))
 
     val existingSchema = CharVarcharUtils.getRawSchema(catalogTable.dataSchema)
     catalog.alterTableDataSchema(table, StructType(existingSchema ++ colsToAdd))
diff --git a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/orc/OrcFileFormat.scala b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/orc/OrcFileFormat.scala
index d6593cad4a..9024c7809f 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/orc/OrcFileFormat.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/orc/OrcFileFormat.scala
@@ -52,8 +52,14 @@ private[sql] object OrcFileFormat {
     }
   }
 
-  def checkFieldNames(names: Seq[String]): Unit = {
-    names.foreach(checkFieldName)
+  def checkFieldNames(schema: StructType): Unit = {
+    schema.foreach { field =>
+      checkFieldName(field.name)
+      field.dataType match {
+        case s: StructType => checkFieldNames(s)
+        case _ =>
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   def getQuotedSchemaString(dataType: DataType): String = dataType match {
diff --git a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/parquet/ParquetSchemaConverter.scala b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/parquet/ParquetSchemaConverter.scala
index 1b26c69fe1..a23eebe6cb 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/parquet/ParquetSchemaConverter.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/parquet/ParquetSchemaConverter.scala
@@ -593,8 +593,14 @@ private[sql] object ParquetSchemaConverter {
        """.stripMargin.split("\n").mkString(" ").trim)
   }
 
-  def checkFieldNames(names: Seq[String]): Unit = {
-    names.foreach(checkFieldName)
+  def checkFieldNames(schema: StructType): Unit = {
+    schema.foreach { field =>
+      checkFieldName(field.name)
+      field.dataType match {
+        case s: StructType => checkFieldNames(s)
+        case _ =>
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   def checkConversionRequirement(f: => Boolean, message: String): Unit = {
diff --git a/sql/hive/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/hive/execution/HiveDDLSuite.scala b/sql/hive/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/hive/execution/HiveDDLSuite.scala
index 9a39f1872b..3e01fcbe16 100644
--- a/sql/hive/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/hive/execution/HiveDDLSuite.scala
+++ b/sql/hive/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/hive/execution/HiveDDLSuite.scala
@@ -3008,6 +3008,26 @@ class HiveDDLSuite
     }
   }
 
+  test("SPARK-36201: Add check for inner field of parquet/orc schema") {
+    withView("v") {
+      spark.range(1).createTempView("v")
+      withTempPath { path =>
+        val e = intercept[AnalysisException] {
+          spark.sql(
+            s"""
+               |INSERT OVERWRITE LOCAL DIRECTORY '${path.getCanonicalPath}'
+               |STORED AS PARQUET
+               |SELECT
+               |NAMED_STRUCT('ID', ID, 'IF(ID=1,ID,0)', IF(ID=1,ID,0), 'B', ABS(ID)) AS col1
+               |FROM v
+               """.stripMargin)
+        }.getMessage
+        assert(e.contains("Attribute name \"IF(ID=1,ID,0)\" contains" +
+          " invalid character(s) among \" ,;{}()\\n\\t=\". Please use alias to rename it."))
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   test("SPARK-34261: Avoid side effect if create exists temporary function") {
     withUserDefinedFunction("f1" -> true) {
       sql("CREATE TEMPORARY FUNCTION f1 AS 'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.udf.UDFUUID'")