[SPARK-35439][SQL][FOLLOWUP] ExpressionContainmentOrdering should not sort unrelated expressions

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This is a followup of #32586. We introduced `ExpressionContainmentOrdering` to sort common expressions according to their parent-child relations. For unrelated expressions, previously the ordering returns -1 which is not correct and can possibly lead to transitivity issue.

### Why are the changes needed?

To fix the possible transitivity issue of `ExpressionContainmentOrdering`.

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?

No

### How was this patch tested?

Unit test.

Closes #32870 from viirya/SPARK-35439-followup.

Authored-by: Liang-Chi Hsieh <viirya@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Takeshi Yamamuro <yamamuro@apache.org>

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/EquivalentExpressions.scala

@@ -193,27 +193,6 @@ class EquivalentExpressions {
       .sortBy(_.head)(new ExpressionContainmentOrdering)
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Orders `Expression` by parent/child relations. The child expression is smaller
-   * than parent expression. If there is child-parent relationships among the subexpressions,
-   * we want the child expressions come first than parent expressions, so we can replace
-   * child expressions in parent expressions with subexpression evaluation. Note that
-   * this is not for general expression ordering. For example, two irrelevant expressions
-   * will be considered as e1 < e2 and e2 < e1 by this ordering. But for the usage here,
-   * the order of irrelevant expressions does not matter.
-   */
-  class ExpressionContainmentOrdering extends Ordering[Expression] {
-    override def compare(x: Expression, y: Expression): Int = {
-      if (x.semanticEquals(y)) {
-        0
-      } else if (x.find(_.semanticEquals(y)).isDefined) {
-        1
-      } else {
-        -1
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
   /**
    * Returns the state of the data structure as a string. If `all` is false, skips sets of
    * equivalent expressions with cardinality 1.
@@ -229,3 +208,27 @@ class EquivalentExpressions {
     sb.toString()
   }
 }
+
+/**
+ * Orders `Expression` by parent/child relations. The child expression is smaller
+ * than parent expression. If there is child-parent relationships among the subexpressions,
+ * we want the child expressions come first than parent expressions, so we can replace
+ * child expressions in parent expressions with subexpression evaluation. Note that
+ * this is not for general expression ordering. For example, two irrelevant or semantically-equal
+ * expressions will be considered as equal by this ordering. But for the usage here, the order of
+ * irrelevant expressions does not matter.
+ */
+class ExpressionContainmentOrdering extends Ordering[Expression] {
+  override def compare(x: Expression, y: Expression): Int = {
+    if (x.find(_.semanticEquals(y)).isDefined) {
+      // `y` is child expression of `x`.
+      1
+    } else if (y.find(_.semanticEquals(x)).isDefined) {
+      // `x` is child expression of `y`.
+      -1
+    } else {
+      // Irrelevant or semantically-equal expressions
+      0
+    }
+  }
+}

sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/SubexpressionEliminationSuite.scala

@@ -370,6 +370,27 @@ class SubexpressionEliminationSuite extends SparkFunSuite with ExpressionEvalHel
     // `add1` is not in the elseValue, so we can't extract it from the branches
     assert(equivalence.getAllEquivalentExprs().count(_.size == 2) == 0)
   }
+
+  test("SPARK-35439: sort exprs with ExpressionContainmentOrdering") {
+    val exprOrdering = new ExpressionContainmentOrdering
+
+    val add1 = Add(Literal(1), Literal(2))
+    val add2 = Add(Literal(2), Literal(3))
+
+    // Non parent-child expressions. Don't sort on them.
+    val exprs = Seq(add2, add1, add2, add1, add2, add1)
+    assert(exprs.sorted(exprOrdering) === exprs)
+
+    val conditions = (GreaterThan(add1, Literal(3)), add1) ::
+      (GreaterThan(add2, Literal(4)), add1) ::
+      (GreaterThan(add2, Literal(5)), add1) :: Nil
+
+    // `caseWhenExpr` contains add1, add2.
+    val caseWhenExpr = CaseWhen(conditions, None)
+    val exprs2 = Seq(caseWhenExpr, add2, add1, add2, add1, add2, add1)
+    assert(exprs2.sorted(exprOrdering) ===
+      Seq(add2, add1, add2, add1, add2, add1, caseWhenExpr))
+  }
 }
 
 case class CodegenFallbackExpression(child: Expression)