### What changes were proposed in this pull request?
This PR:
- rephrases some wordings in installation guide to avoid using the terms that can be potentially ambiguous such as "different favors"
- documents extra dependency installation `pip install pyspark[sql]`
- uses the link that corresponds to the released version. e.g.) https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/building-spark.html vs https://spark.apache.org/docs/3.0.0/building-spark.html
- adds some more details
I built it on Read the Docs to make it easier to review: https://hyukjin-spark.readthedocs.io/en/stable/getting_started/install.html
### Why are the changes needed?
To improve installation guide.
### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?
Yes, it updates the user-facing installation guide.
### How was this patch tested?
Manually built the doc and tested.
Closes#29779 from HyukjinKwon/SPARK-32180.
Authored-by: HyukjinKwon <gurwls223@apache.org>
Signed-off-by: HyukjinKwon <gurwls223@apache.org>
