================================================================================================ unsafe projection ================================================================================================ OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 1.8.0_181-b13 on Linux 3.10.0-862.3.2.el7.x86_64 Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2670 v2 @ 2.50GHz unsafe projection: Best/Avg Time(ms) Rate(M/s) Per Row(ns) Relative ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ single long 2867 / 2868 93.6 10.7 1.0X single nullable long 3915 / 3949 68.6 14.6 0.7X 7 primitive types 8166 / 8167 32.9 30.4 0.4X 7 nullable primitive types 12767 / 12767 21.0 47.6 0.2X