322ec0ba9b
### What changes were proposed in this pull request? When inserting a value into a column with the different data type, Spark performs type coercion. Currently, we support 3 policies for the store assignment rules: ANSI, legacy and strict, which can be set via the option "spark.sql.storeAssignmentPolicy": 1. ANSI: Spark performs the type coercion as per ANSI SQL. In practice, the behavior is mostly the same as PostgreSQL. It disallows certain unreasonable type conversions such as converting `string` to `int` and `double` to `boolean`. It will throw a runtime exception if the value is out-of-range(overflow). 2. Legacy: Spark allows the type coercion as long as it is a valid `Cast`, which is very loose. E.g., converting either `string` to `int` or `double` to `boolean` is allowed. It is the current behavior in Spark 2.x for compatibility with Hive. When inserting an out-of-range value to a integral field, the low-order bits of the value is inserted(the same as Java/Scala numeric type casting). For example, if 257 is inserted to a field of Byte type, the result is 1. 3. Strict: Spark doesn't allow any possible precision loss or data truncation in store assignment, e.g., converting either `double` to `int` or `decimal` to `double` is allowed. The rules are originally for Dataset encoder. As far as I know, no mainstream DBMS is using this policy by default. Currently, the V1 data source uses "Legacy" policy by default, while V2 uses "Strict". This proposal is to use "ANSI" policy by default for both V1 and V2 in Spark 3.0. ### Why are the changes needed? Following the ANSI SQL standard is most reasonable among the 3 policies. ### Does this PR introduce any user-facing change? Yes. The default store assignment policy is ANSI for both V1 and V2 data sources. ### How was this patch tested? Unit test Closes #26107 from gengliangwang/ansiPolicyAsDefault. Authored-by: Gengliang Wang <gengliang.wang@databricks.com> Signed-off-by: Dongjoon Hyun <dhyun@apple.com> |
||
---|---|---|
.github | ||
assembly | ||
bin | ||
build | ||
common | ||
conf | ||
core | ||
data | ||
dev | ||
docs | ||
examples | ||
external | ||
graph | ||
graphx | ||
hadoop-cloud | ||
launcher | ||
licenses | ||
licenses-binary | ||
mllib | ||
mllib-local | ||
project | ||
python | ||
R | ||
repl | ||
resource-managers | ||
sbin | ||
sql | ||
streaming | ||
tools | ||
.gitattributes | ||
.gitignore | ||
appveyor.yml | ||
CONTRIBUTING.md | ||
LICENSE | ||
LICENSE-binary | ||
NOTICE | ||
NOTICE-binary | ||
pom.xml | ||
README.md | ||
scalastyle-config.xml |
Apache Spark
Spark is a unified analytics engine for large-scale data processing. It provides high-level APIs in Scala, Java, Python, and R, and an optimized engine that supports general computation graphs for data analysis. It also supports a rich set of higher-level tools including Spark SQL for SQL and DataFrames, MLlib for machine learning, GraphX for graph processing, and Structured Streaming for stream processing.
Online Documentation
You can find the latest Spark documentation, including a programming guide, on the project web page. This README file only contains basic setup instructions.
Building Spark
Spark is built using Apache Maven. To build Spark and its example programs, run:
./build/mvn -DskipTests clean package
(You do not need to do this if you downloaded a pre-built package.)
You can build Spark using more than one thread by using the -T option with Maven, see "Parallel builds in Maven 3". More detailed documentation is available from the project site, at "Building Spark".
For general development tips, including info on developing Spark using an IDE, see "Useful Developer Tools".
Interactive Scala Shell
The easiest way to start using Spark is through the Scala shell:
./bin/spark-shell
Try the following command, which should return 1,000,000,000:
scala> spark.range(1000 * 1000 * 1000).count()
Interactive Python Shell
Alternatively, if you prefer Python, you can use the Python shell:
./bin/pyspark
And run the following command, which should also return 1,000,000,000:
>>> spark.range(1000 * 1000 * 1000).count()
Example Programs
Spark also comes with several sample programs in the examples
directory.
To run one of them, use ./bin/run-example <class> [params]
. For example:
./bin/run-example SparkPi
will run the Pi example locally.
You can set the MASTER environment variable when running examples to submit
examples to a cluster. This can be a mesos:// or spark:// URL,
"yarn" to run on YARN, and "local" to run
locally with one thread, or "local[N]" to run locally with N threads. You
can also use an abbreviated class name if the class is in the examples
package. For instance:
MASTER=spark://host:7077 ./bin/run-example SparkPi
Many of the example programs print usage help if no params are given.
Running Tests
Testing first requires building Spark. Once Spark is built, tests can be run using:
./dev/run-tests
Please see the guidance on how to run tests for a module, or individual tests.
There is also a Kubernetes integration test, see resource-managers/kubernetes/integration-tests/README.md
A Note About Hadoop Versions
Spark uses the Hadoop core library to talk to HDFS and other Hadoop-supported storage systems. Because the protocols have changed in different versions of Hadoop, you must build Spark against the same version that your cluster runs.
Please refer to the build documentation at "Specifying the Hadoop Version and Enabling YARN" for detailed guidance on building for a particular distribution of Hadoop, including building for particular Hive and Hive Thriftserver distributions.
Configuration
Please refer to the Configuration Guide in the online documentation for an overview on how to configure Spark.
Contributing
Please review the Contribution to Spark guide for information on how to get started contributing to the project.