### What changes were proposed in this pull request?
As mentioned in https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/28673 and suggested via cloud-fan at https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/28673#discussion_r432817075
In this PR, we disable datetime pattern in the form of `y..y` and `Y..Y` whose lengths are greater than 10 to avoid sort of JDK bug as described below
he new datetime formatter introduces silent data change like,
```sql
spark-sql> select from_unixtime(1, 'yyyyyyyyyyy-MM-dd');
NULL
spark-sql> set spark.sql.legacy.timeParserPolicy=legacy;
spark.sql.legacy.timeParserPolicy legacy
spark-sql> select from_unixtime(1, 'yyyyyyyyyyy-MM-dd');
00000001970-01-01
spark-sql>
```
For patterns that support `SignStyle.EXCEEDS_PAD`, e.g. `y..y`(len >=4), when using the `NumberPrinterParser` to format it
```java
switch (signStyle) {
case EXCEEDS_PAD:
if (minWidth < 19 && value >= EXCEED_POINTS[minWidth]) {
buf.append(decimalStyle.getPositiveSign());
}
break;
....
```
the `minWidth` == `len(y..y)`
the `EXCEED_POINTS` is
```java
/**
* Array of 10 to the power of n.
*/
static final long[] EXCEED_POINTS = new long[] {
0L,
10L,
100L,
1000L,
10000L,
100000L,
1000000L,
10000000L,
100000000L,
1000000000L,
10000000000L,
};
```
So when the `len(y..y)` is greater than 10, ` ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` will be raised.
And at the caller side, for `from_unixtime`, the exception will be suppressed and silent data change occurs. for `date_format`, the `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` will continue.
### Why are the changes needed?
fix silent data change
### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?
Yes, SparkUpgradeException will take place of `null` result when the pattern contains 10 or more continuous 'y' or 'Y'
### How was this patch tested?
new tests
Closes#28684 from yaooqinn/SPARK-31867-2.
Authored-by: Kent Yao <yaooqinn@hotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Wenchen Fan <wenchen@databricks.com>
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