spark-instrumented-optimizer/docs/sql-ref-syntax-dml-insert-into.md

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Description

The INSERT INTO statement inserts new rows into a table. The inserted rows can be specified by value expressions or result from a query.

Syntax

INSERT INTO [ TABLE ] table_identifier [ partition_spec ] [ ( column_list ) ]
    { VALUES ( { value | NULL } [ , ... ] ) [ , ( ... ) ] | query }

Parameters

• table_identifier

  Specifies a table name, which may be optionally qualified with a database name.

  Syntax: [ database_name. ] table_name

• partition_spec

  An optional parameter that specifies a comma-separated list of key and value pairs for partitions. Note that one can use a typed literal (e.g., date'2019-01-02') in the partition spec.

  Syntax: PARTITION ( partition_col_name = partition_col_val [ , ... ] )

• column_list

  An optional parameter that specifies a comma-separated list of columns belonging to the table_identifier table. Spark will reorder the columns of the input query to match the table schema according to the specified column list.

  **Note:**The current behaviour has some limitations:

  • All specified columns should exist in the table and not be duplicated from each other. It includes all columns except the static partition columns.
  • The size of the column list should be exactly the size of the data from VALUES clause or query.

• VALUES ( { value | NULL } [ , ... ] ) [ , ( ... ) ]

  Specifies the values to be inserted. Either an explicitly specified value or a NULL can be inserted. A comma must be used to separate each value in the clause. More than one set of values can be specified to insert multiple rows.

• query

  A query that produces the rows to be inserted. It can be in one of following formats:

  • a SELECT statement
  • a TABLE statement
  • a FROM statement

Examples

Single Row Insert Using a VALUES Clause

CREATE TABLE students (name VARCHAR(64), address VARCHAR(64), student_id INT)
    USING PARQUET PARTITIONED BY (student_id);

INSERT INTO students VALUES
    ('Amy Smith', '123 Park Ave, San Jose', 111111);

SELECT * FROM students;
+---------+----------------------+----------+
|     name|               address|student_id|
+---------+----------------------+----------+
|Amy Smith|123 Park Ave, San Jose|    111111|
+---------+----------------------+----------+

Multi-Row Insert Using a VALUES Clause

INSERT INTO students VALUES
    ('Bob Brown', '456 Taylor St, Cupertino', 222222),
    ('Cathy Johnson', '789 Race Ave, Palo Alto', 333333);

SELECT * FROM students;
+-------------+------------------------+----------+
|         name|                 address|student_id|
+-------------+------------------------+----------+
|    Amy Smith|  123 Park Ave, San Jose|    111111|
+-------------+------------------------+----------+
|    Bob Brown|456 Taylor St, Cupertino|    222222|
+-------------+------------------------+----------+
|Cathy Johnson| 789 Race Ave, Palo Alto|    333333|
+--------------+-----------------------+----------+

Insert Using a SELECT Statement

-- Assuming the persons table has already been created and populated.
SELECT * FROM persons;
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
|         name|                   address|      ssn|
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
|Dora Williams|134 Forest Ave, Menlo Park|123456789|
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
|  Eddie Davis|   245 Market St, Milpitas|345678901|
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+

INSERT INTO students PARTITION (student_id = 444444)
    SELECT name, address FROM persons WHERE name = "Dora Williams";

SELECT * FROM students;
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|         name|                   address|student_id|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|    Amy Smith|    123 Park Ave, San Jose|    111111|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|    Bob Brown|  456 Taylor St, Cupertino|    222222|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Cathy Johnson|   789 Race Ave, Palo Alto|    333333|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Dora Williams|134 Forest Ave, Menlo Park|    444444|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+

Insert Using a TABLE Statement

-- Assuming the visiting_students table has already been created and populated.
SELECT * FROM visiting_students;
+-------------+---------------------+----------+
|         name|              address|student_id|
+-------------+---------------------+----------+
|Fleur Laurent|345 Copper St, London|    777777|
+-------------+---------------------+----------+
|Gordon Martin| 779 Lake Ave, Oxford|    888888|
+-------------+---------------------+----------+

INSERT INTO students TABLE visiting_students;

SELECT * FROM students;
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|         name|                   address|student_id|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|    Amy Smith|    123 Park Ave, San Jose|    111111|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|    Bob Brown|  456 Taylor St, Cupertino|    222222|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Cathy Johnson|   789 Race Ave, Palo Alto|    333333|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Dora Williams|134 Forest Ave, Menlo Park|    444444|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Fleur Laurent|     345 Copper St, London|    777777|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Gordon Martin|      779 Lake Ave, Oxford|    888888|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+

Insert Using a FROM Statement

-- Assuming the applicants table has already been created and populated.
SELECT * FROM applicants;
+-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+
|       name|                   address|student_id|qualified|
+-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+
|Helen Davis| 469 Mission St, San Diego|    999999|     true|
+-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+
|   Ivy King|367 Leigh Ave, Santa Clara|    101010|    false|
+-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+
| Jason Wang|     908 Bird St, Saratoga|    121212|     true|
+-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+

INSERT INTO students
     FROM applicants SELECT name, address, id applicants WHERE qualified = true;

SELECT * FROM students;
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|         name|                   address|student_id|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|    Amy Smith|    123 Park Ave, San Jose|    111111|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|    Bob Brown|  456 Taylor St, Cupertino|    222222|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Cathy Johnson|   789 Race Ave, Palo Alto|    333333|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Dora Williams|134 Forest Ave, Menlo Park|    444444|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Fleur Laurent|     345 Copper St, London|    777777|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Gordon Martin|      779 Lake Ave, Oxford|    888888|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|  Helen Davis| 469 Mission St, San Diego|    999999|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|   Jason Wang|     908 Bird St, Saratoga|    121212|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+

Insert Using a Typed Date Literal for a Partition Column Value

CREATE TABLE students (name STRING, address  STRING) PARTITIONED BY (birthday DATE);

INSERT INTO students PARTITION (birthday = date'2019-01-02')
    VALUES ('Amy Smith', '123 Park Ave, San Jose');

SELECT * FROM students;
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------+
|         name|                  address|   birthday|
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------+
|    Amy Smith|   123 Park Ave, San Jose| 2019-01-02|
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------+
#### Insert with a column list

```sql
INSERT INTO students (address, name, student_id) VALUES
    ('Hangzhou, China', 'Kent Yao', 11215016);

SELECT * FROM students WHERE name = 'Kent Yao';
+---------+----------------------+----------+
|     name|               address|student_id|
+---------+----------------------+----------+
|Kent Yao |       Hangzhou, China|  11215016|
+---------+----------------------+----------+

Insert with both a partition spec and a column list

INSERT INTO students PARTITION (student_id = 11215017) (address, name) VALUES
    ('Hangzhou, China', 'Kent Yao Jr.');

SELECT * FROM students WHERE student_id = 11215017;
+------------+----------------------+----------+
|        name|               address|student_id|
+------------+----------------------+----------+
|Kent Yao Jr.|       Hangzhou, China|  11215017|
+------------+----------------------+----------+

Related Statements

• INSERT OVERWRITE statement
• INSERT OVERWRITE DIRECTORY statement
• INSERT OVERWRITE DIRECTORY with Hive format statement