f31d9a629b
### What changes were proposed in this pull request? Fixed typo in `docs` directory and in other directories 1. Find typo in `docs` and apply fixes to files in all directories 2. Fix `the the` -> `the` ### Why are the changes needed? Better readability of documents ### Does this PR introduce any user-facing change? No ### How was this patch tested? No test needed Closes #26976 from kiszk/typo_20191221. Authored-by: Kazuaki Ishizaki <ishizaki@jp.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Dongjoon Hyun <dhyun@apple.com>
219 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
219 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
---
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layout: global
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title: INSERT INTO
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displayTitle: INSERT INTO
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license: |
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Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
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contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
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this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
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The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
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(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
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the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
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http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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limitations under the License.
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---
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### Description
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The `INSERT INTO` statement inserts new rows into a table. The inserted rows can be specified by value expressions or result from a query.
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### Syntax
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{% highlight sql %}
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INSERT INTO [ TABLE ] table_identifier [ partition_spec ]
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{ { VALUES ( { value | NULL } [ , ... ] ) [ , ( ... ) ] } | query }
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{% endhighlight %}
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### Parameters
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<dl>
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<dt><code><em>table_identifier</em></code></dt>
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<dd>
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Specifies a table name, which may be optionally qualified with a database name.<br><br>
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<b>Syntax:</b>
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<code>
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[ database_name. ] table_name
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</code>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dt><code><em>partition_spec</em></code></dt>
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<dd>
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An optional parameter that specifies a comma separated list of key and value pairs
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for partitions.<br><br>
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<b>Syntax:</b>
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<code>
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PARTITION (partition_col_name = partition_col_val [ , ... ])
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</code>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dt><code><em>VALUES ( { value | NULL } [ , ... ] ) [ , ( ... ) ]</em></code></dt>
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<dd>Specifies the values to be inserted. Either an explicitly specified value or a NULL can be inserted. A comma must be used to separate each value in the clause. More than one set of values can be specified to insert multiple rows.</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dt><code><em>query</em></code></dt>
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<dd>A query that produces the rows to be inserted. It can be in one of following formats:
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<ul>
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<li>a <code>SELECT</code> statement</li>
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<li>a <code>TABLE</code> statement</li>
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<li>a <code>FROM</code> statement</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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### Examples
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#### Single Row Insert Using a VALUES Clause
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{% highlight sql %}
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CREATE TABLE students (name VARCHAR(64), address VARCHAR(64), student_id INT)
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USING PARQUET PARTITIONED BY (student_id);
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INSERT INTO students
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VALUES ('Amy Smith', '123 Park Ave, San Jose', 111111);
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SELECT * FROM students;
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| name | address | student_id |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Amy Smith | 123 Park Ave, San Jose | 111111 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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{% endhighlight %}
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#### Multi-Row Insert Using a VALUES Clause
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{% highlight sql %}
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INSERT INTO students
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VALUES ('Bob Brown', '456 Taylor St, Cupertino', 222222),
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('Cathy Johnson', '789 Race Ave, Palo Alto', 333333);
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SELECT * FROM students;
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| name | address | student_id |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Amy Smith | 123 Park Ave, San Jose | 111111 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Bob Brown | 456 Taylor St, Cupertino | 222222 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Cathy Johnson | 789 Race Ave, Palo Alto | 333333 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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{% endhighlight %}
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#### Insert Using a SELECT Statement
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{% highlight sql %}
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-- Assuming the persons table has already been created and populated.
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SELECT * FROM persons;
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| name | address | ssn |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Dora Williams | 134 Forest Ave, Melo Park | 123456789 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Eddie Davis | 245 Market St, Milpitas | 345678901 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + ---------------+
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INSERT INTO students PARTITION (student_id = 444444)
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SELECT name, address FROM persons WHERE name = "Dora Williams";
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SELECT * FROM students;
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| name | address | student_id |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Amy Smith | 123 Park Ave, San Jose | 111111 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Bob Brown | 456 Taylor St, Cupertino | 222222 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Cathy Johnson | 789 Race Ave, Palo Alto | 333333 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Dora Williams | 134 Forest Ave, Melo Park | 444444 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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{% endhighlight %}
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#### Insert Using a TABLE Statement
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{% highlight sql %}
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-- Assuming the visiting_students table has already been created and populated.
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SELECT * FROM visiting_students;
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| name | address | student_id |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Fleur Laurent | 345 Copper St, London | 777777 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Gordon Martin | 779 Lake Ave, Oxford | 888888 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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INSERT INTO students TABLE visiting_students;
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SELECT * FROM students;
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| name | address | student_id |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Amy Smith | 123 Park Ave, San Jose | 111111 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Bob Brown | 456 Taylor St, Cupertino | 222222 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Cathy Johnson | 789 Race Ave, Palo Alto | 333333 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Dora Williams | 134 Forest Ave, Melo Park | 444444 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Fleur Laurent | 345 Copper St, London | 777777 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Gordon Martin | 779 Lake Ave, Oxford | 888888 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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{% endhighlight %}
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#### Insert Using a FROM Statement
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{% highlight sql %}
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-- Assuming the applicants table has already been created and populated.
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SELECT * FROM applicants;
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- + -------------- +
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| name | address | student_id | qualified |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- + -------------- +
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| Helen Davis | 469 Mission St, San Diego | 999999 | true |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- + -------------- +
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| Ivy King | 367 Leigh Ave, Santa Clara | 101010 | false |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- + -------------- +
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| Jason Wang | 908 Bird St, Saratoga | 121212 | true |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- + -------------- +
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INSERT INTO students
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FROM applicants SELECT name, address, id applicants WHERE qualified = true;
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SELECT * FROM students;
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| name | address | student_id |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Amy Smith | 123 Park Ave, San Jose | 111111 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Bob Brown | 456 Taylor St, Cupertino | 222222 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Cathy Johnson | 789 Race Ave, Palo Alto | 333333 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Dora Williams | 134 Forest Ave, Melo Park | 444444 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Fleur Laurent | 345 Copper St, London | 777777 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Gordon Martin | 779 Lake Ave, Oxford | 888888 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Helen Davis | 469 Mission St, San Diego | 999999 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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| Jason Wang | 908 Bird St, Saratoga | 121212 |
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+ -------------- + ------------------------------ + -------------- +
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{% endhighlight %}
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### Related Statements
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* [INSERT OVERWRITE statement](sql-ref-syntax-dml-insert-overwrite-table.html)
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* [INSERT OVERWRITE DIRECTORY statement](sql-ref-syntax-dml-insert-overwrite-directory.html)
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* [INSERT OVERWRITE DIRECTORY with Hive format statement](sql-ref-syntax-dml-insert-overwrite-directory-hive.html)
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