afe70b3b53
### What changes were proposed in this pull request? Document CREATE TABLE statement in SQL Reference Guide. ### Why are the changes needed? Adding documentation for SQL reference. ### Does this PR introduce any user-facing change? yes Before: There was no documentation for this. ### How was this patch tested? Used jekyll build and serve to verify. Closes #26759 from PavithraRamachandran/create_doc. Authored-by: Pavithra Ramachandran <pavi.rams@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Sean Owen <srowen@gmail.com>
123 lines
3.6 KiB
Markdown
123 lines
3.6 KiB
Markdown
---
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layout: global
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title: CREATE HIVEFORMAT TABLE
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displayTitle: CREATE HIVEFORMAT TABLE
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license: |
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Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
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contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
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this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
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The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
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(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
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the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
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http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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limitations under the License.
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---
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### Description
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The `CREATE TABLE` statement defines a new table using Hive format.
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### Syntax
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{% highlight sql %}
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CREATE [ EXTERNAL ] TABLE [ IF NOT EXISTS ] table_identifier
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[ ( col_name1[:] col_type1 [ COMMENT col_comment1 ], ... ) ]
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[ COMMENT table_comment ]
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[ PARTITIONED BY ( col_name2[:] col_type2 [ COMMENT col_comment2 ], ... )
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| ( col_name1, col_name2, ... ) ]
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[ ROW FORMAT row_format ]
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[ STORED AS file_format ]
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[ LOCATION path ]
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[ TBLPROPERTIES ( key1=val1, key2=val2, ... ) ]
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[ AS select_statement ]
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{% endhighlight %}
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### Parameters
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<dl>
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<dt><code><em>table_identifier</em></code></dt>
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<dd>
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Specifies a table name, which may be optionally qualified with a database name.<br><br>
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<b>Syntax:</b>
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<code>
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[ database_name. ] table_name
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</code>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dt><code><em>EXTERNAL</em></code></dt>
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<dd>Table is defined using the path provided as LOCATION, does not use default location for this table.</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dt><code><em>PARTITIONED BY</em></code></dt>
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<dd>Partitions are created on the table, based on the columns specified.</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dt><code><em>ROW FORMAT</em></code></dt>
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<dd>SERDE is used to specify a custom SerDe or the DELIMITED clause in order to use the native SerDe.</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dt><code><em>STORED AS</em></code></dt>
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<dd>File format for table storage, could be TEXTFILE, ORC, PARQUET,etc.</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dt><code><em>LOCATION</em></code></dt>
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<dd>Path to the directory where table data is stored, Path to the directory where table data is stored, which could be a path on distributed storage like HDFS, etc.</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dt><code><em>COMMENT</em></code></dt>
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<dd>Table comments are added.</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dt><code><em>TBLPROPERTIES</em></code></dt>
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<dd>
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Table properties that have to be set are specified, such as `created.by.user`, `owner`, etc.
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dt><code><em>AS select_statement</em></code></dt>
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<dd>The table is populated using the data from the select statement.</dd>
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</dl>
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### Examples
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{% highlight sql %}
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--Using Comment and loading data from another table into the created table
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CREATE TABLE StudentInfo
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COMMENT 'Table is created using existing data'
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AS SELECT * FROM Student;
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--Partitioned table
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CREATE TABLE Student (Id INT,name STRING)
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PARTITIONED BY (age INT)
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TBLPROPERTIES ('owner'='xxxx');
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CREATE TABLE Student (Id INT,name STRING,age INT)
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PARTITIONED BY (name,age);
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--Using Row Format and file format
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CREATE TABLE Student (Id INT,name STRING)
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ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
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STORED AS TEXTFILE;
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{% endhighlight %}
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### Related Statements
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* [CREATE TABLE USING DATASOURCE](sql-ref-syntax-ddl-create-table-datasource.html)
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* [CREATE TABLE LIKE](sql-ref-syntax-ddl-create-table-like.html)
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