spark-instrumented-optimizer/docs/sql-ref-syntax-dml-insert-into.md

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Description

The INSERT INTO statement inserts new rows into a table. The inserted rows can be specified by value expressions or result from a query.

Syntax

{% highlight sql %} INSERT INTO [ TABLE ] table_identifier [ partition_spec ] { { VALUES ( { value | NULL } [ , ... ] ) [ , ( ... ) ] } | query } {% endhighlight %}

Parameters

table_identifier

Specifies a table name, which may be optionally qualified with a database name.

Syntax: [ database_name. ] table_name

partition_spec

An optional parameter that specifies a comma separated list of key and value pairs for partitions.

Syntax: PARTITION (partition_col_name = partition_col_val [ , ... ])

VALUES ( { value | NULL } [ , ... ] ) [ , ( ... ) ]

Specifies the values to be inserted. Either an explicitly specified value or a NULL can be inserted. A comma must be used to separate each value in the clause. More than one set of values can be specified to insert multiple rows.

query

A query that produces the rows to be inserted. It can be in one of following formats:

• a SELECT statement
• a TABLE statement
• a FROM statement

Examples

Single Row Insert Using a VALUES Clause

{% highlight sql %} CREATE TABLE students (name VARCHAR(64), address VARCHAR(64), student_id INT) USING PARQUET PARTITIONED BY (student_id);

INSERT INTO students VALUES ('Amy Smith', '123 Park Ave, San Jose', 111111);

SELECT * FROM students; +---------+---------------------+----------+ | name| address|student_id| +---------+---------------------+----------+ |Amy Smith|123 Park Ave,San Jose| 111111| +---------+---------------------+----------+ {% endhighlight %}

Multi-Row Insert Using a VALUES Clause

{% highlight sql %} INSERT INTO students VALUES ('Bob Brown', '456 Taylor St, Cupertino', 222222), ('Cathy Johnson', '789 Race Ave, Palo Alto', 333333);

SELECT * FROM students; +-------------+------------------------+----------+ | name| address|student_id| +-------------+------------------------+----------+ | Amy Smith| 123 Park Ave, San Jose| 111111| +-------------+------------------------+----------+ | Bob Brown|456 Taylor St, Cupertino| 222222| +-------------+------------------------+----------+ |Cathy Johnson| 789 Race Ave, Palo Alto| 333333| +--------------+-----------------------+----------+ {% endhighlight %}

Insert Using a SELECT Statement

{% highlight sql %} -- Assuming the persons table has already been created and populated. SELECT * FROM persons; +-------------+-------------------------+---------+ | name| address| ssn| +-------------+-------------------------+---------+ |Dora Williams|134 Forest Ave, Melo Park|123456789| +-------------+-------------------------+---------+ | Eddie Davis| 245 Market St, Milpitas|345678901| +-------------+-------------------------+---------+

INSERT INTO students PARTITION (student_id = 444444) SELECT name, address FROM persons WHERE name = "Dora Williams";

SELECT * FROM students; +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ | name| address|student_id| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ | Amy Smith| 123 Park Ave, San Jose| 111111| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ | Bob Brown| 456 Taylor St, Cupertino| 222222| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ |Cathy Johnson| 789 Race Ave, Palo Alto| 333333| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ |Dora Williams|134 Forest Ave, Melo Park| 444444| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ {% endhighlight %}

Insert Using a TABLE Statement

{% highlight sql %} -- Assuming the visiting_students table has already been created and populated. SELECT * FROM visiting_students; +-------------+---------------------+----------+ | name| address|student_id| +-------------+---------------------+----------+ |Fleur Laurent|345 Copper St, London| 777777| +-------------+---------------------+----------+ |Gordon Martin| 779 Lake Ave, Oxford| 888888| +-------------+---------------------+----------+

INSERT INTO students TABLE visiting_students;

SELECT * FROM students; +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ | name| address|student_id| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ | Amy Smith| 123 Park Ave,San Jose| 111111| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ | Bob Brown| 456 Taylor St, Cupertino| 222222| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ |Cathy Johnson| 789 Race Ave, Palo Alto| 333333| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ |Dora Williams|134 Forest Ave, Melo Park| 444444| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ |Fleur Laurent| 345 Copper St, London| 777777| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ |Gordon Martin| 779 Lake Ave, Oxford| 888888| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ {% endhighlight %}

Insert Using a FROM Statement

{% highlight sql %} -- Assuming the applicants table has already been created and populated. SELECT * FROM applicants; +-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+ | name| address|student_id|qualified| +-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+ |Helen Davis| 469 Mission St, San Diego| 999999| true| +-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+ | Ivy King|367 Leigh Ave, Santa Clara| 101010| false| +-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+ | Jason Wang| 908 Bird St, Saratoga| 121212| true| +-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+

INSERT INTO students FROM applicants SELECT name, address, id applicants WHERE qualified = true;

SELECT * FROM students; +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ | name| address|student_id| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ | Amy Smith| 123 Park Ave, San Jose| 111111| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ | Bob Brown| 456 Taylor St, Cupertino| 222222| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ |Cathy Johnson| 789 Race Ave, Palo Alto| 333333| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ |Dora Williams|134 Forest Ave, Melo Park| 444444| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ |Fleur Laurent| 345 Copper St, London| 777777| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ |Gordon Martin| 779 Lake Ave, Oxford| 888888| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ | Helen Davis|469 Mission St, San Diego| 999999| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ | Jason Wang| 908 Bird St, Saratoga| 121212| +-------------+-------------------------+----------+ {% endhighlight %}

Related Statements

• INSERT OVERWRITE statement
• INSERT OVERWRITE DIRECTORY statement
• INSERT OVERWRITE DIRECTORY with Hive format statement